For several years, Agriculture Development has been the main target for India to ensure food security and poverty alienation. Also, about 68% of India’s more than 1 billion people depend directly or indirectly on agriculture even today.
But, when we say SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE thus essence is: seeking to sustain farmers, resources and communities by promoting farming practices and methods that are –
- Profitable
- Environmentally sound
- Good for communities.
Even after rapid technological interventions, about two-thirds of India’s agriculture areas remain rainfall and vulnerable climate change.
Moreover, India is a fast-growing economy, registers large rates f growth of carbon emissions, which ultimately increases greenhouse gas concentration. Thus results in Global Warning. Hence the climate changes also human activities:-
- Constant use of energy subsidies in the form of fossil fuel.
- Through more economically productive law use changes.
are also Primary reasons for increased GHGs.
Recent enter governmental panel fo5 climate changes (IPCC) report and other global studies show a probability of 10 to 40 % loss of crop production in India with an increase in temperature by 2080 – 2100.
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Recent studies at the Indian Agricultural Research Institute indicates future loss of 4 to 5 million tones in wheat production with every 1-degree centigrade use of temperature throughout the growing period.
While the losses for after crops (especially Kharif) are relatively smaller.
Also, rapidly melting glaciers in the Himalayan may affect the irrigation in the indo gang etic plains – negatively impacting food production.
Hence, effects must be taken towards mitigating GHW, including :
- Energy efficiency and conservation.
- Promotion of renewable energy and fuel substitution.
- Allotment of air – pollution.
- Afforestation watershed development.
Therefore ensuring sustainable and inclusive growth of the agriculture sector in India could require a concentrated focus on –
- Land and labour reforms.
- Markets reforms.
- Minimizing risks in agriculture through promotion of climate-smart agriculture.
- Expansion of agriculture insurance.
- Strengthening weather advisory services.
- Increased interest in agriculture to develop a variety of crops for higher departures.
The above steps must benefit those famous whose live hoods are likely to be severely marginalized with climate change.